Or course carbon offsets are useless, Net zero is impossible, its a concept made up in desperation by profit driven companies, to try to find a way to keep making profit, whilst we are switching to non polluting / non profit energy, the only one being the energy from the sun.
The truth is, as long as fossil fuel companies are making profit, or still need to make profit, we will keep extracting, so we will keep generating carbon. Worse, as long as we think it is justified to create yet more profit driven industry, focused on removing carbon, those companies have to result in yet more energy extraction, because the latter is systemically linked to profit. So its a vicious loop, which just gets worse.
We might see this something like a transistor switching us from one state to the other. The first state is us dependent on the energy of Earth. The second state is us dependent on the energy of the sun.
To make any switch sucessful, it needs to switch rapidly enough to avoid dissipating effectively infinite energy in the transition, so as to avoid the switch being damaged by excessive temperature rise.
Does that ring any bells? The more industry we try to put on the job of correcting carbon offsets, the more heat there is generated in the transition.
So I'd say forget carbon offsetting, just make the switch as rapidly as possible. This is the only way we will make the switch.
After we do it, net zero still would not exist, but, we would have net-negative (Emissions Generation).
What we get by using the sun is not harmful emmissions at all, just things beneficial to us and nature - the opposite of pollution.